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Coal gasification converts solid coal into a gas that can be used
for
power generation, chemical production, as well as converted
into
liquid fuels.
Gasification exposes coal to temperatures that would normally
cause the coal to combust but by carefully regulating the amount
of oxygen in the gasifier and adding steam, the coal does not burn
but rather separates into syngas. Syngas is a mixture of carbon
monoxide and hydrogen. The syngas can then be ‘shifted’ with the
addition of more steam to produce more hydrogen and to convert the
carbon monoxide into carbon dioxide (CO2).
The gasification of coal and other substances (petcoke, refinery
bottom waste, biomass etc.) is not new. For example, China has
been successfully gasifying coal for decades for ‘town gas’,
chemical feedstock and for its domestic fertiliser industry.
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