| CALSTART: CALSTART is dedicated to expanding the global advanced transportation industry and its related markets. CALSTART assists organizations involved in planning, developing, testing, and implementing advanced transportation and mobility programs, and advises fleet managers and other organizations interested in clean fuel vehicles. |
| Clean Cities Program: DOE’s Clean Cities Program supports public-private partnerships that deploy AFVs and build supporting alternative fuel infrastructure. |
| Methane Production: detailed discussion by someone who’s done it (that is, produced methane gas from manure and chopped plant matter. Can be a substitute for natural gas or propane (https://www.jrwhipple.com/sr/nf_methane.html). |
| Methanol Institute: AMI works with auto manufacturers and government agencies to accelerate the introduction of FCVs powered by methanol. AMI helps inform elected officials and the public about the energy security, greenhouse gas reduction, and other environmental benefits of methanol fuel cell technology. |
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Hotlinks to Geothermal Energy Internet Resources
| 2001 University Research Summaries: |
| A Study Of Production/Injection Data From Slim Holes And Large-Diameter Wells At The Okuaizu Geothermal Field, Tohoku, Japan: new link — Design and build PEM fuel cells, zero emission vehicles, and solar hydrogen power systems. Also contains hydrogen fuel cell FAQ and related information. |
| Aangstrom Strategic Inc: |
| American Geothermal Inc : |
| Canadian Geothermal Energy Association: PDF-350k — E03-05, This documented white paper demystifies hydrogen energy, debunks popular misconceptions, and proposes a surprisingly easy, attractive, and profitable path to the hydrogen economy (23 June 2003). |
| Center For Resource Solutions (Crs) : Information on the DOE wind and hydro energy program, wind power projects, wind turbine technology and research, and wind energy basics. |
| Century Drilling And Energy Services (Nz) Limited : Our government actually does have an interest in clean Hydrogen fuel..this is the DOE’s Hydrogen Network homepage. |
| Ch2m Hill : Idaho National Laboratory Report |
| Climatemaster : Idaho National Laboratory Report |
| Closing/Further Sources Of Information: |
| Deep Heat Mining: Provider of geothermal heat pump heating and cooling systems for commercial and industrial process, water heating and/or cooling applications. |
| Design Considerations For Artificial Lifting Of Enhanced Geothermal System Fluids, July 2005 — 769kb Pdf: Information about the Canadian Geothermal Energy Association, its members, directors and their on-going projects. Also, a description of geothermal resources in general and specific to Canada. Online bibliography of information about geothermal resources in Canada |
| Development Of New Geothermal Wellbore Holdup Correlations Using Flowing Well Data March 2004: dedicated to promoting renewable energy and economic and environmental sustainability; administers national and international programs (such as Green-e) that preserve and protect the environment through the design of sustainable energy strategy.. |
| Economics: New Zealand company involved in the investigation and development of geothermal resources. |
| Electricity From Earths Core: Provides a full range of integrated services for project development, planning, design, construction, operations, and maintenance of public and private industrial facilities and infrastructure. |
| Energy & Geoscience Institute (Egi) : new link — Oklahoma company providing water source geothermal heat pump technology for residential and commercial applications. |
| Energy Efficiency And Renewable Energy Network (Eren) : Our intention has been to provide the reader with a balanced overview of the utility-scale geothermal power industry. We believe clean, reliable power can be developed from renewable resources, with geothermal power making an important contribution. Examples from the U.S. geothermal sector have been used to illustrate the costs, benefits, policies, and trends in geothermal energy today. What follows is a list or further resources available on the worldwide web to allow the reader to gain a deeper understanding of the potential of geothermal power and the issues surrounding its development. We urge the reader to seek further understanding of these issues, and the means to their resolution, in order to support the progress of geothermal energy in providing clean, reliable, and economic power. |
| Energycommission Geothermal Program In California: Hot dry rock geothermal energy program in Switzerland. About the technology and the ongoing development program, including photos, maps, and diagrams. |
| Environmental Impacts: Idaho National Laboratory Report |
| European Deep Geothermal Energy Programme : Idaho National Laboratory Report |
| Finding Hidden Geothermal Resources In The Basin And Range Using Electrical Survey Techniques – A Computational Feasibility Study December 2004 : The commercial viability of geothermal power production is influenced by capital costs for land, drilling, and physical plant; operating and maintenance costs; the amount of power generated and sold from the plant; and the market value of that power. However, because geothermal power plants incur high capital costs at the beginning of the project, they are typically at an economic disadvantage to conventional fossil fueled power plants. Fossil fuel plants have lower up-front capital costs, but incur fuel costs for the life of the plant. This section discusses capital cost, operating and maintenance cost, average cost of power production over the life of the plant (known as the levelized cost of power production), as well as the economic impacts of geothermal power such as labor creation, tax base contributions, and balance-of-trade impacts. |
| Future Developments: News article about a concept for a long, self-contained turbine shaft called a Power Tube that could tap subterranean heat without relying on geysers and steam vents. (December 14, 2001) |
| Geothermal Development Associates : A not-for-profit research organization at the University of Utah performs basic and applied research in geothermal exploration, reservoir delineation, drilling and logging, and production. |
| Geothermal Energy: Geothermal energy page features U.S. Department of Energy Web sites. |
| Geothermal Energy (Europe): Funding opportunities, contacts, related web sites and overview of geothermal energy in California. |
| Geothermal Energy (Tibet): new link — Geothermal power plants do have some environmental impacts. However, these impacts should be balanced against geothermal energy’s advantages over conventional power sources when conducting assessments of power plant project environmental impacts. The primary impacts of geothermal plant construction and energy production are gaseous emissions, land use, noise, and potential ground subsidence. |
| Geothermal Energy As An Alternative Source For Energy: European Research Program for heat and electrical power generation from a deep enhanced geothermal system in Strasbourg, France. |
| Geothermal Energy Association: Idaho National Laboratory Report |
| Geothermal Energy In Hawaii: Renewable energy technology is continuously evolving with the goal of reducing risk and lowering cost. The goal of the geothermal industry and the U.S. Department of Energy is to achieve a geothermal energy life-cycle cost of electricity of $0.03 per KWh.58 To achieve the goal of lowering cost and risk, other types of nontraditional resources and experimental systems are being explored. Among these are hot dry rock resources, improved heat exchangers, and improved condenser efficiency. |
| Geothermal Energy In Hawaii : Developers of clean geothermal energy projects worldwide. |
| Geothermal Energy Program- US Department Of Energy : List of internet links that deal with Geothermal Energy. |
| Geothermal Energy Technical Site: European informational site on geothermal energy. |
| Geothermal Energy—Clean Power From The Earth’s Heat: … in Tibet, where no readily available fossil fuels exist, the Nagqu geothermal field (Tibet Autonomous Region, PRC) provides a useful energy source for the … |
| Geothermal Explorers Ltd : Explains what Geothermal Energy is, and how it can be used as an alternative source of energy. |
| Geothermal Information Office : is a trade association composed of U.S. companies who support the expanded use of geothermal energy and are developing geothermal resources worldwide for electrical power generation and direct-heat uses. |
| Geothermal Institute – University Of Auckland : Hawaii’s Energy, Ocean, and Technology Resources (State of Hawaii-Department of Business, Economic Development, and Tourism-Energy, Resources, and Technology Division) |
| Geothermal Mine Water As An Energy Source For Heat Pumps: A Geothermal Fact Sheet that explains the uses of geothermal energy, gives advantages and disadvantages, and illustrates the basic process. |
| Geothermal Power Technology And Generation: Website provides information, pamphlets, and web resources regarding U.S. Dept. of Energy’s geothermal program. |
| Geothermal Resources: of the U.S. Department of Energy |
| Geothermal Technologies Program US Department Of Energy: Geothermal exploration and development project: website discusses borehole heat exchangers, hydrothermal systems, and Hot-Dry-Rock system. Available in English and German languages. |
| Geothermal: Heat Escaping The Earth Can Produce Electricity: Alliant Energy site providing basic educational information to anyone interested in learning about geothermal heating and cooling technologies. |
| Geothermex Inc : An international training and research centre in New Zealand. |
| Geothermics : Buildings and Industry. Geothermal Mine Water as an Energy Source for Heat Pumps. Download PDF Download PDF. Summary. |
| Geothernet Geothermal Information For Europe: Utility-scale geothermal power production employs three main technologies. These are known as dry steam, flash steam and binary cycle systems. The technology employed depends on the temperature and pressure of the geothermal reservoir. Unlike solar, wind, and hydro-based renewable power, geothermal power plant operation is independent of fluctuations in daily and seasonal weather. |
| History Of Geothermal: new link — Understanding geothermal energy begins with an understanding of the source of this energy—the earth’s internal heat. The Earth’s temperature increases with depth, with the temperature at the center reaching more than 4200 °C (7600 °F). A portion of this heat is a relic of the planet’s formation about 4.5 billion years ago, and a portion is generated by the continuing decay of radioactive isotopes. Heat naturally moves from hotter to cooler regions, so Earth’s heat flows from its interior toward the surface |
| Inside The Greenhouse : EERE’s Geothermal Technologies Program works in partnership with U.S. industry to establish geothermal energy as an economically competitive contributor to the U.S. energy supply. |
| Introduction To Geothermal: |
| Introduction To Geothermal Slide Show: Produced by the Consumer Energy Enter, this site provides links that explain large-scale electricity production, and the direct use of geothermal energy. |
| Mea: Energy Sources-Renewable-Geothermal Energy: Geothermal energy consulting company provides exploration, engineering, assessment and development of geothermal energy resources worldwide. |
| Parametric Sensitivity Study Of Operating And Design Variables In Wellbore Heat Exchangers May 2004: International journal devoted to the research and development of geothermal energy. |
| Policy: Directories of geothermal energy development and research around Europe, journals, and worldwide conferences and events. Some Internet links. Includes basic information on geothermal energy technology. English or German. |
| Renewable Energy Information: Geothernal: People have used geothermal resources in many ways, including healing and physical therapy, cooking, space heating, and other applications. One of the first known human uses of geothermal resources was more than 10,000 years ago with the settlement of Paleo-Indians at hot springs. |
| Renewable Energy Source: Geothermal: An EPA Global Warming Newsletter highlighting State and Local activity related to climate change. |
| Renewable Northwest Project: Geothermal energy is energy derived from the heat of the earth’s core. It is clean, abundant, and reliable. If properly developed, it can offer a renewable and sustainable energy source. There are three primary applications of geothermal energy: electricity generation, direct use of heat, and ground-source heat pumps. Direct use includes applications such as heating buildings or greenhouses and drying foods, whereas ground source heat pumps are used to heat and cool buildings using surface soils as a heat reservoir. This paper covers the use of geothermal resources for production of utility-scale electricity and provides an overview of the history, technologies, economics, environmental impacts, and policies related to geothermal power. |
| Rock Mechanics And Enhanced Geothermal Systems: A Doe-Sponsored Workshop To Explore Research Needs October 2003: |
| State Geothermal Resource Maps: Deep below the earth’s surface, natural processes generate heat (some scientists believe … |
| Temperature At Depth Maps For The Continental United States: Idaho National Laboratory Report |
| The Geothermal Energy Association: Renewable energy can reduce dependence on fossil fuels, reduce harmful pollution from energy production and consumption, and reduce emissions of greenhouse gases. However, most renewables have very different cost structures from conventional energy generating technologies, with high up-front costs and low operating costs. This is true for geothermal energy, which has high exploration and drilling costs in additional to capital plant expenses. |
| The Geothermal Energy Technical Site: |
| Virginia Tech Geothermal Data: People have always been fascinated with volcanoes |
| Waterfurnace : Geothermal Energy Technology |
| What Is Geothermal Energy?: Idaho National Laboratory Report |
Hotlinks to Hydropower Energy Internet Resources
| 2004 Energy Projects: is a trade association composed of U.S. companies who support the expanded use of geothermal energy and are developing geothermal resources worldwide for electrical power generation and direct-heat uses. |
| Abb Alston Power : of the U.S. Department of Energy |
| About Dams United States Society On Dams: Geothermal resource data for the southeastern U.S. through the Regional Geophysics Laboratory; summary of geothermal resources, technology, and potential of geothermal heat pumps in the southeastern U.S. |
| Abp Marine Environmental Research Ltd: |
| Basics On Hydropower: The term geothermal comes from the Greek geo meaning earth and therine meaning heat thus geothermal energy is energy derived from the natural heat of the earth. The earth’s temperature varies widely, and geothermal energy is usable for a wide range of temperatures from room temperature to well over 300° F. For commercial use, a geothermal reservoir capable of providing hydrothermal (hot water and steam) resources is necessary. Geothermal reservoirs are generally classified as being either low temperature (<150° C) or high temperature (>150° C). Generally speaking, the high temperature reservoirs are the ones suitable for, and sought out for commercial production of electricity. Geothermal reservoirs are found in “geothermal systems” which are regionally localized geologic settings where the earth’s naturally occurring heat flow is near enough to the earth’s surface to bring steam or hot water to the surface. Examples of geothermal systems include the Geysers Region in Northern California, the Imperial Valley in Southern California, and the Yellowstone Region in Idaho, Montana, and Wyoming. / (added 09/2005) |
| Bc Hydro Environment Web Site: new link — As Japan has so many volcanoes, it is called Volcano Islands. Deep down in the core, there is magma with enormous potential energy. Geothermal power generation is to extract and use the part of this energy in the form of steam. |
| Bc Hydro International Ltd: |
| Bonneville Power Administration Bpa: Water Power: Hydroelectric Power, Wave Power, and Tidal Power. |
| Bureau Of Reclamation Hydropower Program: Belgian firm providing expertise in power generation systems and equipment, as well as financial packages, project management and insurance, operations and maintenance contracts, training, retrofit and repowering services. / (added 09/2005) |
| Canadian Hydropower Association (Cha): |
| Canyon Industries Inc: |
| Case Studies Of Small Hydro Systems : |
| Dam Reservoir Impact & Information Archive: Driia: A crown corporation in the process of developing environmental standards and practices for B.C.’s unique landscape. |
| Dammed Deregulation: How Deregulation Of The Electric Power Industry Could Affect The Nation’s Rivers : As one of the largest electric utilities in Canada, BC Hydro serves more than 1.6 million customers in an area containing over 94 per cent of British Columbia’s population. BC Hydro endeavors to provide energy solutions to its customers in an environmentally and socially responsible way by balancing British Columbians’ energy needs with the concerns of the environment. |
| Doe Hydrogen Program Solicitations : A very interesting site actually |
| Dongfang Electrical Machinery Company Limited: new link — U.S. government agency. General information including the history of hydropower development, a glossary of terms, and major producers. |
| E7 Network: This trade association is dedicated to representing the interests of the Canadian hydropower industry. The site shares the history of hydropower, explains how hydropower works, and provides recent news about the industry. It also includes several publications on topics such as the environmental impact of hydropower and its future. / (added 09/2005) |
| El Dorado Irrigation District Ferc Project 184 Relicensing: manufacturing custom and standard hydroelectric turbines, stressing durability, efficiency, ease of installation, and long life. / (added 09/2005) |
| Electricity From Hydropower: Website featuring publications on European hydro systems by the European Commission including U.K. Garnedd Hydropower Station. |
| Esi Engineering & Construction Group : Information on dams, water diversions, impoundments, and hydroelectric projects, their impacts, and related links. |
| European Commission Directorate-General Xvii (Energy) : Paper by Charlie Higley against electricity deregulation and dams. / (added 09/2005) |
| Facts About Hydropower: US Department of Energy’s list of partnerships and funding solicitations for hydrogen research and development projects. |
| Federal Energy Regulatory Commission : Dongfang Electrical Machinery Company Limited(DFEM). The Group’s principal activities are the manufacture of mechanical and electrical equipment, production of mining plant equipment and spare parts, technical reform of power plants, manufacturi.. |
| Federal Power Act: international electric utilities consortium focusing on protection of the global environment, sustainable energy development, and climate change issues. |
| Frequently Asked Questions – Hydro Electric : new link — Documents associated with the hydroelectric relicensing project, primarily located in the El Dorado National Forest in California. Includes calendar, scientific studies, and a list server for project information. |
| General Power Engineering Associates(Gpea) : Describes small-scale hydroelectric technology (portable to 15 kilowatts, stationary from 50 kilowatts to 5 megawatts) utilizing new high efficiency (84%) cross-flow turbines, available from FINESA, Inc., Prague, Czech Republic. |
| Great Lakes Power Limited: International company specializing in custom combined cycle and diesel thermal plants. |
| Green Mountain Power Corporation: Manager of programs centering on transEuropean networks, technological development and innovation in the European Union. |
| H2o Power: Information about the world’s leading renewable energy source. / (added 09/2005) |
| Hands Off Hydro: / (added 09/2005) |
| Harbin Power Equipment Company Limited: Statutory framework for the U.S. regulation of the construction, operation, and maintenance of dams, water conduits, reservoirs, powerhouses, and transmission lines related to the utilization of water resources. |
| Hoover Dam Visitor’s Center : Website of Jade Mountain Access Company based on buying product according to clients needs. Products include solar fountain pumps. |
| How To Calculate The Power Available From A Hydroelectric Generator: new link — Provider to hydropower industry of studies, designs, generation and component supply. / (added 09/2005) |
| Humming Bird Electronic Load Controller / Induction Generator Controller – Jan Portegijs: hydroelectric utility in Northern Ontario. |
| Hydro Electric Overview: Green Mountain Power Corporation. The Group’s principal activity is to supply electrical power energy to retail and wholesale customer in the state of Vermont. The customers of the Group include residential customers, small and large commercial .. |
| Hydro Information Systems Turbnpro Version 3 Software: Hydroelectric technology that has applications in wave energy, tidal waters, adds on to increase power output and new dam designs. / (added 09/2005) |
| Hydro Québec: facts on the fight to save BC Hydro from deregulation and privatization. |
| Hydro Research Foundation: Harbin Power Equipment Company Limited. The Group’s principal activities are the manufacture of steam and hydro turbine generator sets. Other activities include manufacturing of boilers and valves, provisions of engineering services as well as r.. |
| Hydroelectric Licensing Process Improvement Act Of 1999 (S 740) : Official website for Hoover Dam. Information provided about construction, how it works, and how to take a tour. |
| Hydroelectric Power: |
| Hydroelectricity: |
| Hydropower: Basic information and FAQs about small systems, provided by the Jade Mountain company. |
| Hydropower: Software for the selection of hydroelectric turbines. Determines preferred turbine size, type, and arrangement from site data. Predicts the performance and energy production for the site. / (added 09/2005) |
| Hydropower Facts: publicly owned electric utility that generates, transmits and distributes most of the electricity consumed in Québec. |
| Hydropower In Hawaii: U.S. organization that promotes hydropower by facilitating research and providing educational opportunities. Includes public information. |
| Hydropower Information: Provider of legislative , congressional record, and committee information including Library of Congress links, text of bills and major legislation. |
| Hydro-Power Plants Research Group: The California Energy Commission provides this web page. |
| Hydropower Reform Coalition: From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. |
| Hydropower Reform Coalition : |
| Hydropower: Energy For Maine’s Future: The IEA Hydropower Agreement is a working group of governments and industry, which intends to provide objective, balanced information about the advantages and disadvantages of hydropower. On this web site you can find information about the positive and negative social and environmental effects of hydropower, about hydropower in general, and about the IEA Hydropower Agreement. / (added 09/2005) |
| Hydroserv Group Above Water And Below Water Dam Services: / (added 09/2005) |
| Idaho Power Company : Hawaii’s Energy, Ocean, and Technology Resources (State of Hawaii-Department of Business, Economic Development, and Tourism-Energy, Resources, and Technology Division) / (added 09/2005) |
| Industrial Screen Products: from the Bureau of Reclamation Power Program. |
| Inforse (International Network For Sustainable Energy): |
| International Centre For Hydropower: Federal, state, and local conservation and recreation organizations working to reform policies and achieve improvements to rivers altered by dams with resources for citizen participation in the relicensing process. |
| International Economic Platform For Renewable Energies : Coalition of national, state, and local conservation and recreation organizations working to reform national hydropower policies and upgrade rivers altered by hydropower dams. |
| International Small Hydro Atlas: Some facts about hydropower in Maine: |
| L&S Electric: Dam and hydroelectric power plant safety, rehabilitation and modernization, operations and maintenance, construction, field and underwater inspection and restoration services. |
| Lake Murray Saluda River Columbia South Carolina Dam Re Licensing: A subsidiary of IDACORP Inc., providing electric service to Idaho and parts of Oregon and Nevada. Operate hydro and coal-fired plants, and offer consulting services. |
| Low Impact Hydropower Institute : Product and contact information for manufacturer of wire fish screens that prevent entrainment, injury, or death of targeted aquatic species by physically stopping fish from entering a water intake. |
| Manitoba Hydro: INFORSE provide news and information on the implementation of sustainable energy solutions. Worldwide NGO network formed at the Global Forum in Rio in 1992 with 200 member organizations worldwide. |
| Micro Hydropower : Promoting the development and utilization of Norwegian hydropower resources |
| Micro~Hydroelectric Powerplants (Flow & Head Measurement Speed Control Turbines): Provider of information and free emails regarding renewable energies in Europe including solar, hydropower, wind, and bioenergy. |
| Micro-Hydropower Systems: A Buyers Guide – Natural Resources Canada: provider of engineered systems, especially hydroelectric services. Also offers rotating apparatus repair, electric motor service, electrical equipment, and field services |
| Microhydropowernet : Resources for citizen involvement in the re-licensing of Federal Energy Regulatory Commission Project 516. |
| Model For Tennessee Rivers Adapted To Montana Project : Nonprofit organization dedicated to reducing environmental impacts of hydropower by creating a standard for consumers to evaluate hydropower as an energy source. |
| Mountain Energy Inc: electric utility in the province of Manitoba, Canada. |
| National Hydropower Association: Wim Klunne’s international microhydro web portal includes discussion forum, expert database, business directory, and literature and internet links on microhydro. / (added 09/2005) |
| New Mexico Energy Conservation And Management Division : / (added 09/2005) |
| New Technology In Hydro Power: Information about run-of-the-river systems up to 300 kilowatts. Includes the microhydro discussion group, microhydro basics, and links. / (added 09/2005) |
| Newfoundland & Labrador Hydro: |
| North American Hydro Inc : gives an overview of issues related to micro hydropower including the theory, news, case studies, and discussion forum. |
| Oceanic Energy Sources: Provider of nationwide information, news, products, articles, and events calendar regarding sustainable renewable energy. |
| Paradigm Technologies : full service hydroelectric development and operations firm with additional expertise in data collection system design, manufacture, and installation. |
| Pinecrest: An Adventure Living Off The Utility Grid: U.S. trade association. A comprehensive site containing policy information, relicensing information, and generally promoting industry interests. |
| PlatypUS Power Micro Hydro Turbines : Provider of programs and information for state agencies, companies and individuals in New Mexico. |
| Power Matters Hydroelectric Power: |
| Power Technologies Inc : electric utility owned by the province of Newfoundland and Labrador. |
| Protect Idaho Rivers: Manufacturer of electric gate control for vertical or horizontal gate shaft applications in older, manually controlled hydro plants. |
| Pump Turbines Threaten Fisheries Of Lakes Russell And Thurmond: Alternative Energy Institute Home Page This site seeks to educate the public about the impending non-renewable energy crisis and the possible solutions to the crisis. You will learn why fossil fuels and nuclear energy will not meet the needs of an ever-expanding world population. You will also learn the value of traditional renewable energy resources, new energy resources, and the transition to sustainable energy resources. |
| Renewable Energy Information: Hydro: Protection, control and automation specialists. Clients include mining, power generation and pulp and paper industries. |
| Rutherford Creek Project: Detailed information and pictures on my hydroelectric system and earth sheltered home. |
| Saint Lawrence Fdr Power Project Relicensing: Designer of micro-hydroelectric turbines, battery chargers and control equipment. |
| Scottish Hydro Electric: Tennessee Valley Authority site with a description and diagram of a generic hydroelectric dam and a pumped storage facility. |
| Snake Dams: Provider of power engineering consulting services, engineering software and hardware products and education services. Services are provided to utilities, power companies and independent power producers. Private capitalized this company .. |
| Snowy Mountains Hydro Electric Authority: Information about dam relicensing and related issues on Idaho rivers including the Salmon, Snake, Bear, Moyie, and Boundary Creek. |
| Solar Hydrogen Energy Corporation Labs : Photographs and descriptions of problems caused by pump turbines. / (added 09/2005) |
| Story Of A Water Wheel: |
| Tamar Designs : Proposal for a small-scale, run-of-river, hydroelectric development in British Columbia. |
| Tennessee Valley Authority: Description of the project, the relicensing process, and a newsletter about the relicensing process. |
| The Bc Hydro Environment Web Site: part of Scottish and Southern Energy, using the power of nature to generate electricity. / (added 09/2005) |
| The Humming Bird Electronic Load Controller / Induction Generator Controller – Jan Portegijs: Collected stories from the Tri-City Herald about the controversy surrounding the possible breaching of the Ice Harbor, Lower Monumental, Little Goose, and Lower Granite dams on the Lower Snake River in Washington State. |
| The Hydro-Power Plants Research Group: integrated water and hydroelectric power scheme that includes 7 power stations and sixteen major dams. |
| The Impacts Of Hydro-Electric Energy On The Boreal Forests Of Canada : Have developed a water splitting technology that produces hydrogen from water and sunlight with zero pollution. |
| The International Centre For Hydropower: Waterwheels have been used since ancient times to grind corn and also to raise water. The great waterwheels of Hama in Syria have raised water for over a thousand years. They serve as superb examples of a technology so elegantly simple that it becomes totally dependable. Flowing water was used to turn the wheel and water held in buckets on the rim was lifted to great heights to spill over into channels, which irrigated the land further away. These great wheels where often built to huge proportions, because water was raised on their rims. / (added 09/2005) |
| The Story Of A Waterwheel: Design, manufacture and repair hydroelectric turbines and pumps, from 0.1kW to 1MW. |
| Three Gorges Probe: Located in Knoxville, Tennessee / (added 09/2005) |
| Toronto Hydro: A crown corporation in the process of developing environmental standards and practices for B.C.’s unique landscape. |
| U S Doe Hydropower Program: |
| Universal Electric Power Corp (Uep) : |
| University Of Wales Swansea Micro Hydro Power Research Group : More and more hydro-dams to feed increasing USA demand for cheap electricity are causing ecological and social havoc in Canada’s Boreal Forests. – |
| Voest-Alpine Mce Gmbh : Promoting the development and utilization of Norwegian hydropower resources |
| Water Alchemy : Waterwheels have been used since ancient times to grind corn and also to raise water. The great waterwheels of Hama in Syria have raised water for over a thousand years. They serve as superb examples of a technology so elegantly simple that it becomes totally dependable. Flowing water was used to turn the wheel and water held in buckets on the rim was lifted to great heights to spill over into channels, which irrigated the land further away. These great wheels where often built to huge proportions, because water was raised on their rims. |
| Water Wheel Factory: Information about the scientific, technical, economic, social, and environmental effects of completing the Three Gorges dam in China, as well as the alternatives to the dam. / (added 09/2005) |
| Waterpower: municipal distribution utility owned by the City of Toronto. / (added 09/2005) |
| Waterturbinecom : Information about hydroelectric power, state resource assessments, technology research and development, environmental concerns, and advanced hydropower turbines. / (added 09/2005) |
| Waterwheel Project – Runnerduck: Manufacturer of turbine/generating systems for hydroelectricity. |
| Wind & Hydropower Technologies Programs: Supplier of computer program containing information including feasibility studies and optimization of micro-hydro power installations. |
| Wsk Technik: |
Additional Links to Wind Power Resources
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American Wind Energy Association (AWEA) : A nonprofit organization that promotes wind power. Excellent source of news on projects and growth of wind energy in the USA as well as the world. Joining their mailing list discussion group for small wind energy systems is a must if you are considering putting up a wind turbine. |
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American Wind Energy Association (AWEA): Since 1974, AWEA has advocated the development of wind energy as a reliable, environmentally superior energy alternative in the United States and around the world. AWEA’s Green Power Factsheets provide answers to basic questions about Green Power, including what it is, the rationale for purchasing it, and procedures for buying it. |
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Ampair, UK: We hope you can spare some time to look through our pages. |
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Atlantic Orient, Canada: Our focus is production of the worlds most reliable industrial-sized wind turbine. We believe that using simple, robust technology is the key to successful installation of wind turbines in remote locations. |
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AWEA Wind Turorial: An AWEA website offering a comprehensive overview of all aspects of wind power including: Wind Basics, Offshore Wind,Costs, Industry Statistics, Small Wind Systems, Wind Energy and the Economy, Policy Issues, and the Environment. |
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BayWinds, USA: Bay Winds is a wind energy company that markets the Jacobs line of small wind turbines. There are five models represented here–from 10 to 20 kw. This site explains the grid interconnect wind machine and now the stand alone/hybrid design. |
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Bergey, USA: Bergey Windpower is the world’s leading supplier of small wind turbines. With installations in all 50 U.S. States and more than 90 countries, and an international network of ~ 600 dealers, we have the products and experience to put the wind to work for you. |
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Bornay, Spain: Spain’s largest wind energy dealer. |
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CanWEA : is the Canadian Wind Energy Association, and has good resources about wind systems. |
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Cape Wind: The Cape Wind Website explains the details, challenges, successes, and news updates of America’s first proposed off-shore wind project on the Nantucket Sound. |
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CYCLONE, China/Canada: The Cyclone is our exclusive line of wind turbines with a low wind speed rated output. |
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Endless Energy: Endless Energy is a Maine wind farm development company dedicated to developing clean, renewable wind energy, promoting economic development, and reducing our dependence on imported fossil fuels. |
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EnergyRefuge: EnergyRefuge.com provides alternative energy news, environmental articles, and energy saving tips. |
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ENTEGRITY WIND SYSTEMS, Canada: Welcome to Entegrity Wind Systems Inc. (EWSI), manufacturers and distributors of the EW15 wind turbine. |
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Eoltec, France: Eoltec is an experienced engineer owned, Wind Energy Systems designer and manufacturer Cie, focused on the development and production of medium size wind turbines (6 to 300kW). Started early 2001 with location in Nice/France, Eoltec’s target is to provide to customers an up-to-date and cost effective solution to bring maximum power out of wind. |
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EPRI’s Wind Energy Program: The Electric Power Research Institute’s Renewable Technology Options & Green Power Marketing Highlights. |
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Flowtrack, Australia: The Flowtrack Wind Turbine is a 5KW, up wind, horizontal axis, two bladed machine. Completely designed and manufactured in Australia, the Flowtrack combines the computerised aerofoil design of the blades from Newcastle University, with extremely robust inductive generation. |
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GUAL INDUSTRIE, France/Spain: The totally silent mechanism of the StatoEolian, combined with its compact and robust structure allows an integration in all terrains and environments. This is why its now possible to integrate it into an urban surrounding. Everyone will be able to have their own source of 100% renewable energy within the comfort of their own home. |
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IWEA: is the Irish Wind Energy Association, and provides news and wind resources. |
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KESTREL, South Africa: Kestrel Wind Turbines is a fully black empowered South African company that actively supports equal opportunity. The factory is situated in the industrial area of Jet Park near to Johannesburg International Airport, Gauteng. |
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LVM, UK: Formed in 1973 LVM specialises in products for use with low voltage DC power supplies. Our guiding philosophy has been to ensure that a UK company can design, manufacture and distribute products both in home and world markets. It is of prime importance that we respond to the changing needs of our customers, ensuring that the quality of our products meets the most exacting standards, offering technical help and advice whenever it is required. |
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Marlec, UK: Marlec was formed in 1979 by our founder John Fawkes who subsequently received a wind energy pioneer award from the British Wind Energy Association. As an engineer he was asked to investigate methods of keeping batteries topped up on farms to operate electric fence units. |
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Michael Klemen’s Small Wind Website: Michael Klemen conducts research on 4 small wind turbines and posts performance data on line, as well as audio and video information. Research papers, articles, and data acquistion information give thorough detail on wind resources and power production. |
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MIKE’s WINDMILL SHOP, USA: Welcome to Mike’s Windmill Shop! We strive to bring you high quality products at a great price! We pride ourselves in our friendly and prompt customer service. We offer wind generators, charge regulators, tower plans, blades, permanent magnet alternators. We are always adding something new so check back often to see what we have. |
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Minnesotans for an Energy-Efficient Economy (ME3) : Provides many pages of wind energy information, including a wealth of links research and other organizations, wind industry companies, federal government resources and wind energy publications and miscellaneous information. |
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National Renewable Energy Laboratory: DOE’s laboratory for renewable energy research located near Golden, Colorado |
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National Wind Coordinating Committee (NWCC): A U.S. consensus-based collaborative formed in 1994, NWCC identifies issues that affect the use of wind power, establishes dialogue among key stakeholders, and catalyzes appropriate activities to support the development of an environmentally, economically, and politically sustainable commercial market for wind power. NWCC members include representatives from electric utilities and support organizations, state legislatures, state utility commissions, consumer advocacy offices, wind equipment suppliers and developers, green power marketers, environmental organizations, and state and federal agencies. |
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National Wind Coordinating Committee: The NWCC website including publications, member listings, working groups, and wind events. |
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National Wind Technology Center : is a US government program that supports wind research and development. |
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National Wind Technology Center : is operated by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), a national laboratory of the U.S. Department of Energy. The National Wind Technology Center’s focus is on research and technology transfer. It is designed not only to be a center for research, but a technology magnet for a new industry. |
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North Carolina Solar Center Wind Programs: The North Carolina Solar Center offers research, reports, and various wind programs focused in Eastern North Carolina, including an Anemometer Loan Program. |
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North Carolina State Energy Office: The State Energy Office is North Carolina’s lead agency for energy programs and services and is the official source for energy information and assistance for consumers, businesses, government agencies, non-profit organizations, schools and policy-mak |
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North East Wind Energy, USA: Unique tower designs… |
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NRG Systems, Inc.: NRG Systems, Inc. has been providing wind monitoring equipment since 1982. Their website gives an overview of their product line as well as basic wind energy information. |
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OTHERPOWER.COM, USA: We are a group of alternative energy enthusiasts who want to spread the message that It’s EASY to make your own power FROM SCRATCH! Otherpower.com’s headquarters is located in a remote part of the Northern Colorado mountains, 15 miles past the nearest power pole or phone line. All of our houses and shops run on only solar, wind, water and generator power…not because we are trying to make some sort of political or environmental statement, but because these are the only options available. And we refuse to move to town. |
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Proven, Scotland: Proven Energy Ltd is a family owned business based in Stewarton in south-west Scotland which manufactures and installs wind turbines and solar photovoltaic (electric) panels. Established in 1980 with expertise in mechanical, electrical and control engineering, Proven has been manufacturing renewable energy machinery since 1991. |
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RENEWABLE DEVICES/SWIFT TURBINES, Scotland: Renewable Devices have developed the Swift Rooftop Wind Energy System™, the worlds first silent, building-mountable wind turbine. |
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RENEWABLE DEVICES/SWIFT TURBINES, Scotland: Renewable Devices have developed the Swift Rooftop Wind Energy System™, the worlds first silent, building-mountable wind turbine. |
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Renewable Resource Data Center (RReDC): Provides information on several types of renewable energy resources in the United States, in the form of publications, data, and maps. An extensive dictionary of renewable energy related terms is also provided. The News section announces new products on the RReDC, which is supported by the U. S. Department of Energy’s Resource Assessment Program and managed by the Photovoltaics Technology Division of the Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy. |
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ROPATEC, Italy: Vertical axis machines. |
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SAMREY, UK: As concern over Global Warming increases, the cost of fuel increases and the natural resources of the world diminish, many people are turning to small scale power generation using energy from the wind, sun and water. |
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Scoraig Wind Electric, Scotland: A fantastic Scotish website devoted to helping you build your own turbine. |
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Small Wind In North Carolina: American Wind Energy Association website for small wind information specific to N.C. |
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Synergy, Hong Kong: Synergy is an integrated renewable energy resources company which engineers the most economical and sustainable power solutions for remote areas all over the world. SPC has designed systems for villages, schools, clinics, telecommunications sub-stations, over flight beacons, religious buildings, demonstration sites, grid boosting, water pumping, grid peak shaving, grid interactive systems, and many other applications. |
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The Alternative Windmill : site offers sketches of a Savonius windmill water pumper that is in use in Australia. |
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The American Wind Energy Association (AWEA): AWEA is a national trade association that represents wind power plant developers, wind turbine manufacturers, utilities, consultants, insurers, financiers, researchers, and others involved in the wind industry. |
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The American Wind Energy Association : is a national trade association that advocates the development of wind energy as a environmentally-friendly renewable energy source. Their website contains a wide variety of information on wind energy, publications and events. |
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The American Wind Power Center: located in Lubbock, TX, is dedicated to the preservation of American-style windmills. Currently, there are 50 rare, unusual and beautiful windmills in the indoor exhibit and additional windmills covering the 28 acres of the Windmill Park. |
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True Winds: True Winds offers services including wind resource modeling, site identification, permitting, wind resource assessment, wind turbine layouts, energy production forecasts, transmission screening analysis, interconnection engineering, photo simulations, noi |
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U.S. Department of Energy’s Wind Energy : page includes publications databases, information on wind turbines and wind-related inventions and more. |
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US Department of Energy Wind Power Program: The DOE’s Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Program. |
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WCOM Community Radio, home of the Home Power Hour: WCOM is grassroots community radio. Listen online. Check out the Home Power Hour. |
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WESTWIND, Australia: Westwind is an internationally renowned manufacturer of high quality and robust 3kW, 5kW, 10kW and 20kW wind turbines. Westwind have supplied turbines, towers and turbine controllers for use in many different applications around the world since 1984. |
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Wind and Agriculture: USDA Farm Bill Section 9006: The USDA Farm Security and Rural Investment Act to provide grants and low-interest loans for farmers, ranchers, and rural small businesses to implement wind and other renewable energy technologies. |
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Wind Energy Basics: Provides information about wind, including how wind turbines work, advantages and disadvantages of its use, wind energy use throughout history, U.S. wind energy resource potential, and current research and development. |
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Wind Energy Finance Website : Operated by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory, this website allows users to calculate online the cost of electricity generated by a wind system. The website lets users create a new project on screen (or modify an existing project) by entering values for numerous assumptions step-by-step until enough information has been entered to calculate the project cost. Projects added or modified are stored convenience and are available the next time a user logs in. |
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Wind Energy Technology: Extensive listing of new releases and publications of the DOE’s Information Bridge. |
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Wind Power for Electricity Providers: NREL’s resources of information pertinent to Utility Providers including introduction, markets, interconnection, and state-of-the-art wind technology. |
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Wind Power Monthly Magazine : is published in New Zealand but has back issue article abstracts searchable online. Good place to find worldwide news items about wind power. |
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Wind Powering America : The U.S. Department of Energy’s Wind Powering America site provides state-by-state wind project information, including validated wind maps, anemometer loan programs, small wind guides, legislative briefings, wind working groups, and state-specific news. |
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Wind Powering America: The US Department of Energy’s Wind Power Program to increase the use of wind energy in the United States, with emphasis on establishing new sources of income for American farmers, Native Americans, and other rural landowners, and meet the growing dem |
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WINDMISSION, Denmark: Windmission is a small Danish family owned company. Over the years specialized in turbines equipped with Windflower rotors, quiet multi bladed super wind roses with a high efficiency. |
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WINDSAVE, Scotland: Windsave Ltd. was formed in January 2002 to develop a Commercial and Domestic small wind turbine generator system using low wind speeds to create electricity, avoiding the use of batteries. The Windsave System can be roof or wall mounted and feeds electricity directly into the property on the consumer side of the meter, reducing the consumption and cost of electricity from the Grid. |
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Windustry : working to create an understanding of wind energy opportunities for rural economic benefit. Windustry promotes wind energy through outreach, educational materials, and technical assistance to rural landowners, local communities and utilities, and state, regional, and nonprofit collaborations. |
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Windustry: A non-profit organization"working to create an understanding of wind energy opportunities for rural economic benefit. Windustry promotes wind energy through outreach, educational materials, and technical assistance to rural landowners, local communities and utilities, and state, regional, and nonprofit collaborations." Website provides a host of useful information on wind energy, including tecchnology information, examples of community wind energy projects, wind energy curriculum, wind energy calculator, resource library, and more. |
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Windustry: Leasing Land for Wind Power: The Windustry Site offers information on land leasing and easement options for wind power installations. |
What is Renewable (Alternate) Energy? Renewable (Alternate) Energy Links
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There is a lot of talk now about renewable (alternate) energy sources, but the concept is not new. In 1839, Alexandre Edmond Becquerel, a French physicist, discovered the photovoltaic effect of converting light into electricity. In the 1950s remote homeowners used photovoltaic solar cells to provide electricity to these locations that were not served by “the grid.” Even before “the grid” was in use, farmers have relied on wind and water for power. Most are aware that wood and other combustibles were the first energy source. In fact, burning wood was the dominant energy source until sometime in the 19th century when coal began to replace wood. In 1857 Edwin Drake drilled the first commercial oil well in Titusville, Pennsylvania. Spindletop Hill, the first Texas gusher hit in 1901, signaled the birth of the petroleum age. Today we primarily use fossil fuels for heat and power. Even though is it convenient to use coal, oil, and natural gas, fossil fuels present several disadvantages. For one, we have a limited supply of these fuels. Using fossil fuels damages the environment. As a result, many people advocate the benefits of developing alternate energy sources. As definitions, renewable or alternate energy derive their power by harnessing the energy from natural processes which are continually replenished and are environmentally friendly. These natural process: the sun, the wind, water, the Earth’s heat, and plants, can all be converted into usable energy in the forms of solar, wind, ocean thermal, geothermal, hydropower and biomass. Most renewable forms of energy, other than geothermal and tidal power, ultimately come from the sun. All these renewable energy sources are also sustainable. By being self-sustaining these energy sources are in essence limitless. Often "clean" or "green" are used to describe renewable energy technologies because they produce few if any pollutants. Renewable energy technologies are rapidly improving. |
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Overview of Biomass Energy (Bioenergy) BioEnergy (BioFuels) Links
Biogas resources are organic crops and wastes, such as wood and paper residues, landfill gas, biogas from sewage wastes, and other agricultural wastes, converted to usable energy. Globally, the most common use of biogas is heating and cooking. However, there is a noticeable amount of biogas converted to electricity. One of the governing economic factors of biogas is the cost associated with shipping the fuels. These shipments can quickly move the cost per kWh to a noncompetitive level. Because of these costs, most of the biogas generation is in dispersed and customer-sited operations smaller than 100 MW.
In the U.S., there is approximately 10.5 gigawatts of biogas generating capacity. This capacity has remained constant for the past five years. The majority of this capacity is generation within the industries that produce their own fuel resources, such as the paper and lumber industries. These sectors have experience little growth in the recent past, and in turn, biogas has not seen any growth. Despite this relative stagnation, there is a shift occurring in the industry. Most new biogas capacity additions are using landfill gas and digester gas as fuel which frees them from an industry specific presence.
A further shift is expected to occur as technologies develop that allow smaller facilities to economically use available fuels. These operations could include farmers and other smaller industries in remote settings where this generation is most likely to be economically viable. One of the technologies expected to contribute to this shift is the Stirling engine, which is uniquely capable of handling diverse non-liquid biogas fuels because of its external combustion design.
Algae as Biomass Videos
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MIT Algae Photobioreactor From: roidroid Alan Alda narrates this video. An algae photobioreactor on the roof of MIT university. The clear polycarbonate tubes are approx 3 meters high, and 10-20 centimeters in diameter. It removes upto 86% of the NOx and 40% of the CO2 of the smokestack emissions that are bubbled through it. The algae are feeding on exhaust with 13% CO2 content…. For more information: |
Algae as BioMass Links
| Biodiesel from Algae, Powered by Geothermal – It begins with algae or oil seed being nourished by the sun, … The biomass is added to alcohol, where it is mixed with the vegetable oil and heated with …
PetroSun moves into final stage of testing for algae-based biofuel – PetroSun moves into final stage of testing for algae-based biofuel … The testing is carried out by Algae BioFuels, a wholly owned subsidiary of PetroSun. … |
Links to BioDiesel Information
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Overview BioFuels
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Biofuel can be broadly defined as solid, liquid, or gas fuel consisting of, or derived from biomass. Biofuels help meet transportation fuel needs. Biofuels can be used in cars, trucks, buses, airplanes, and trains. The most common types of biofuels are biodiesel, ethanol and methanol.
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